英文自修56：旁观的道德

本系列内容英文原文取自BBC Thought for the Day节目网站，朋友们也可以下载节目录音收听。

本篇翻译、中文标题：王宥轩，沪上某名牌大学英语专业学生

审读、定稿：晏梓，沪上某名牌大学英语专业学生

图片：武太白，沪上某名牌大学英语专业毕业生

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The editorial decisions of newspapers are made up against deadlines and yesterday’s front pages revealed the different conclusions editors had come to. Some papers had been criticised recently for showing prominent pictures of Mick Jagger soon after he had learned of the death of his partner and so yesterday, the decision to publish strong pictures of the Malaysian aircraft families overtaken by grief must have been difficult. On one page in yesterday’s Wall Street Journal, the desperate faces of Egyptian families, shocked at the death sentence handed out to 529 people were next to the grieving relatives of 107 people who died in a boat accident on the Ugandan Congo border. From Uganda to Egypt to Malaysia to the UK, grief can connect us as human beings across generations and cultures. But what are the ethics of watching this grief, observing it, publishing it? For us to see these pictures, we rely on a series of intermediaries holding the camera steady, taking the close up and not walking away. On this programme yesterday we heard an interview with a boy whose father was killed while on active service with the British army. He was talking about appearing in a BBC documentary about coping with grief that has been shown in schools around the country. He said he didn’t mind being asked about his father’s death on camera because the interest of other people showed that they cared. I have sometimes found myself in tears watching a report from far away, seeing the anguish of people whose names I will never know but whose distress is heard in my living room, whose crying fills my house. Yesterday was the Christian feast of the Annunciation; the moment a young woman from Nazareth 拿撒勒(巴勒斯坦地区北部古城) in Galilee加利利（巴勒斯坦北部一多山地区）said yes to the vocation that would bring her immense grief. This same woman, Mary, is shown in countless pictures and sculptures as an uncomforted mother, cradling the body of her dead son. Along with Mary Magdalene抹大拉的马利亚（耶稣从其身上驱逐出7个恶鬼的女人）and other women in the gospel stories, she remained with Christ as he died, steadying her gaze on the suffering of God. So what are the ethics of watching?

到了最后期限，报纸编辑们才做了决定，从昨天的报纸头条可以看出编辑们的意见分歧。最近，有些报纸遭到了批评，因为他们赫然刊登了“米克”•贾格尔爵士刚得知搭档死讯时的照片。可想而知，昨日，刊登悲痛欲绝的马航遇难者家属的照片——这一决定必定很艰难。在昨天的华尔街日报某一页中，两张照片并排放在了一起。一张是得知529人被判死刑后，这些埃及家属们的悲痛欲绝的表情，另一张是在乌干达刚果边境的航船事故中107位遇难者亲属的悲痛表情。从乌干达到埃及，到马来西亚，到英国，悲痛的心情人人有之，不分年龄和文化。但是，在旁观、评论甚至出版这样的悲痛时，其道德何在？我们要看到这样的照片，就要依赖一系列的中间人，稳稳地拿着相机，拍下特写而不是走开。本频道昨日播出了对一个小男孩的采访，他的爸爸在英国军队服现役时牺牲了。他谈到了自己在BBC关于如何克服悲痛的纪录片中现身的情况，该片已在全国各个学校播出。他说他并不介意在镜头前被问到爸爸的去世，因为有人感兴趣，就证明有人在乎这些。有时候，看着远方的报道，我会泪流满面，看到那些人的悲恸，他们的名字我永远也不知道，但他们痛心的哭声传进我的房间，充满房子里的每个角落。昨日是基督教的天使报喜节；一位来自加利利拿撒勒的女子同意接任神职的那一刻，她也接受了随之而来的无限苦楚。就是这个女人，圣母玛利亚，数不清的画作与雕塑中呈现的都是她抱着儿子尸体的悲痛形象。和抹大拉的马利亚以及福音书很多故事里的女人一样，基督死后，她守在他身边，定睛看着上帝的痛苦。那么，旁观的道德是何物呢？

（迈克尔•菲利普•“米克”•贾格尔爵士（Sir Michael Phillip "Mick" Jagger，1943年7月26日－），英国摇滚乐手，滚石乐队创始成员之一，1969年开始担任乐队主唱到至今）

Mick Jagger

Perhaps it depends on the effect. Seeing this grief can serve to numb us, it is part of what fatigues us and separates us further from one another. But it can also stir us into action, to send an email, to raise money, to protest, to pray, to let someone know that they are not alone. For Christians, the suffering of Christ watched by the women was not the last word, overwhelming as it was. For all those who will be plunged into grief by the as yet unknown events of today, may it not, in the end, be the last word either.

或许这要看效果怎样。旁观这种悲伤可能会使我们麻木，这也使我们变得疲劳，与他人之间隔阂更深的部分原因。但这也能够刺激我们付诸行动——发一封邮件，筹集些资金，去抗议、去祈祷、去让一些人知道他们不是孤立无助的。对基督徒而言，基督的受难被那些女人旁观，不是最终的定论，尽管这很强烈。对如今那些可能会陷入未知事件的悲痛的人，希望这也不是最终的定论。

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